IBC泰國法律金融會計事務所International Business Consultancy

Introduction of Juvenile Delinquency in Thailand

泰國少年犯罪介紹

In Thailand, juvenile delinquency is regulated under Act on Establishment of Juvenile Court B.E. 2494 (1951) and Juvenile procedure Act B.E. 2494 (1951), and is decided by Juvenile Court and Central Child Observation and Protection Centre (OPC).

泰國少年犯罪由佛曆2494年(西元1951年)《建立少年法院法》以及佛曆2494年(西元1951年)《少年程序法》規定，並由少年法院及中央兒童觀察和保護中心做出裁定。

Below are regulations under Thai Criminal Code for children committing crime:

以下為《泰國刑法》針對少年犯罪的規定：

• Section 73: A child not yet over ten years of age shall not be punished for committing what is provided by the law to be an offence.

            第73條: 未滿10歲的孩童不會因為犯罪而受罰。

• Section 74: A child over ten years but not yet over fifteen years of age commits what is provided by the law to be an offence, shall not be punished, but the Court shall have the power as follows:

    第74條: 10歲以上未滿15歲的孩童犯不會因為犯罪而受罰，但法院具有以下權力：

1. To admonish the child and then discharge him; and the Court may, if it thinks fit, summon the parents or guardian of the child or the person with whom the child is residing to be given an admonition too; 

     勸告孩童並進行釋放；法院也可在適當的情況下，傳喚孩童的父母、監護人、或與孩童居住的人一起接受勸誡；

2. If the Court is of opinion that the parents or guardian are able to take care of the child, the Court may give order to hand over the child to his parents or guardian by imposing the stipulation that the parents or guardian shall take care that the child does not cause any harm throughout the time prescribed by the Court, but not exceeding three years, and fixing a sum of money, as it thinks fit, which the parents or guardian shall have to pay to the Court, but not exceeding one thousand Baht for each time when such child causes harm.

    如法院認為父母或監護人能照顧孩童，可命令將孩童移交給 父母或監護人，在法院規定的期間內，孩童不會造成任何傷害，但此期限不得超過三年，並規定父母或監護人應向法院支付一筆適當的金額，但每次孩童造成傷害的賠償金不得超過 1,000泰銖。

If the child resides with a person other than his parents or guardian, and the Court does not think fit to summon the parents or guardian to impose the aforesaid stipulation, the Court may summon the person with whom the child resides for questioning as to whether or not he will accept the stipulation similar to that prescribed for the parents or guardian as aforesaid. If the person with whom such child resides consents to accept such stipulation, the Court shall give order to hand over the child to such person by imposing the aforesaid stipulation.

如果孩子與父母或監護人以外的其他人同住，而法院認為不適宜傳召父母或監護人施加上述規定，則法院可以傳喚 該孩子居住的人以詢問是否或他不會接受與上述父母或監護人所規定的相似的規定。 如果與該孩子同住的人同意接受該規定，法院應通過施加上述規定，下令將該孩子移交給該人。

3. In case of the Court hands over the child to his parents, guardian or to the person with whom the child resides according to (2), the Court may determine the conditions for controlling behavior of the child in the same manner as provided in Section 56 also. In such case, the Court shall appoint a probation officer or any other official to control behavior of the child;

    如果法院根據第 (2) 將孩子分配給其父親，監護人或孩子所居住的人，則法院還可在這種情況下規定第56條規定的控制孩子行為的條件 說這個 法院應任命一個緩刑官員或任何其他僱員進行這種兒童行為。

4. If the child has no parents or guardian, or has them but the Court is of opinion that they are unable to take care of such child, or if the child resides with a person other than the parents or guardian, and such person refuses to accept the stipulation mentioned in (2), the Court may give order to hand over such child to a person or organization, as the Court thinks fit, to take care of, to train and to give instruction throughout the period of time prescribed by the Court when consented to by such person or organization. in such case, such person or organization shall have the same power as that of the guardian only for the purpose of taking care of, training and giving instruction as well as determining the residence and making arrangement for the work to be done by the child, as may be reasonable; or

    如果孩子沒有父母或監護人，或者沒有父母或監護人，但 法院認為他們無法照顧該孩子，或者該孩子與父母或監護人以外的人同住，並且該人拒絕接受 根據第(2)款的規定，法院可在法院規定的時間內下達命令，將其送交法院認為合適的個人或組織，以照顧，培訓和提供指示 經該人或組織同意。 在這種情況下，該人或組織應僅具有照料，培訓和指導以及確定兒童的住所和安排的目的，才具有與監護人相同的權力， 可能是合理的； 或者

5. To send such child to a school or place of training and instruction or a place established for training and giving instruction to children throughout the period of time prescribed by the Court but not longer than the time when such child shall have completed eighteen years of age.

    在法院規定的整個期間內，將該兒童送往學校或接受培訓 的地方，或為培訓和接受教育而設立的地方，但不得超過該兒童應年滿十八歲的時間。

• Section 75: Whenever any person over fifteen years but not yet over eighteen years of age commits any act provided by the law to be an offence, the Court shall take into account the sense of responsibility and all other things concerning such person in order to come to decision as to whether it is expedient to pass judgment inflicting punishment on such person or not. If the Court does not deem it expedient to pass judgment inflicting punishment, it shall proceed according to Section 74, or if the Court deems it expedient to pass judgment inflicting punishment, it shall reduce the scale of punishment as provided for such offence by one-half.

         第75條:滿15歲但未滿18歲的人犯下法律規定的任何行為，即構成犯罪，法院應考慮犯罪人的責任感和其他情況以便決定是否對犯罪人判刑。如果法院認為不應判刑，應照第74條規定；如果法院認為應判刑，應將對此類犯罪的刑法縮減一半。

• Section 76: Any person which is above the age of eighteen years of age but not over twenty years of age which commits an act as prescribed by the law to be an offence, if the Court to deem expedient may reduce the scale of the punishment as provided for such offence by one-third or a half.

         第76條: 滿18歲但未滿20歲的人犯罪，如果法院可依權宜之計將刑法減少三分之一或一半。

In addition, normally a child won’t be arrested unless he/she is caught at the crime scene or the injured person’s insistence. Once the police is in charge of this case, OPC, the parents or guardians of the child should be notified. Also, during the investigation, the child will be detained at police station at OPC.

此外，在少年犯罪的情況下，除非是現行犯或是被害人堅持，一般不會被逮捕。當警察受理案件時需通知OPC及孩童的父母或是監護人。在調查期間孩童會待在警局或是OPC。

Once the investigation is completed, the case will be passed to Juvenile Court. The trail is private, and a legal adviser will be appointed instead of a lawyer.

調查結束後案件會移交給少年法院。整個審訊過程不公開，被告會有一位法律顧問而非律師。

IBC Firm is formed by highly talented and progressive lawyers, financial advisors and accountants. Our partners were all graduated from well-known universities in Thailand, the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia and Japan. Our alliance firms include firms in Taiwan, Japan, Singapore, America, Australia, France and South Africa, majoring in law, finance, investment, taxation and accounting, fluent in Chinese, Thai, English and Japanese. Our lawyer is also the legal advisor from Taipei Economic and Culture Office in Thailand (“TECO”).

IBC 泰國法律金融會計事務所是由具才華且傑出的律師、財務顧問和會計師組成，本所合夥人畢業於泰國、英國、美國、澳洲、日本知名大學，結盟的事務所遍及台灣、日本、新加坡、美國、澳洲、法國、南非等。所學專業為法律、金融、投資、稅務及會計，精通中文、泰文、英文及日文。本所律師也是駐泰

代表處義務諮詢律師。

Following is juvenile cases procedure[1]

以下為少年犯罪事件的流程