在泰國工作中賭博-被視為違反工作規定且可被資遣－IBC泰國法律金融會計事務所International Business Consultancy

Gambling at Work in Thailand is Considered Violation of Work Regulations which can be Dismissed

在泰國工作中賭博-被視為違反工作規定且可被資遣

1. Relevant laws and regulations 法條依據

The Labor Protection Act B.E.2541 (1998) 佛曆2541年(1998年) 泰國勞工保護法

Section 119

第119條

An employer may not pay severance pay to an employee when employment is terminated upon any of the following conditions:

在僱傭關係在下列任何一種情況下終止時，雇主得不支付員工資遣費

(4) violating work rule, regulation or order of the Employer which is lawful and just, and after written warning having been given by the Employer, except for a serious case with no requirement for the Employer to give warning.

(4)除非是嚴重案件不需給予事先警告，當雇主給予書面警告後違反雇主合理且公正的工作規則、規定或命令。

The written warning shall be valid of not exceeding one year from the date when the employee commits the offence;

書面警告應自員工犯錯一年內有效。

Labor Court Procedure B.E. 2522 (1979) 佛曆2522年(1979年)勞動訴訟法

Section 49

第49條

In the dismissal case, if the labour court thinks the dismissal is unfair, it shall order the employer to reinstate the employee at the same level of wage at the time of dismissal. However, if the labour court thinks that such employee and employer cannot work together, it shall fix the amount of compensation to be paid by the employer which the labour court shall take into consideration the age of the employee, the working period of the employee, the employee's hardship when dismissed, the cause of dismissal and the compensation the employee is entitled to receive.

資遣案件中，如勞動法院認為資遣不合理，應命令雇主在資遣員工時支付相同的薪資。但如勞動法院認為該員工和雇主無法一起工作，應確定雇主應支付的賠償金額。勞動法院應考慮員工的年齡、年資，被資遣時的困難、資遣原因和員工有權獲得的補償。

2. Case studies 實務案例

Supreme Court Judgment 1839/2554 第1839/2554號最高法院判決

The plaintiff and other employees with a total of 7 people, together gambling at the defendant’s company, who was the employees of the company. It was considered as violation of defendant's work regulations that required employees to behave well and shouldn’t bring damage to themselves and to the team. Therefore, employees must not gamble with any type of gambling during work hours.

原告和其他員工共7人，一起在被告的公司（即雇主）賭博。此違反被告的工作規定：要求員工表現良好，且不造成自己及團隊受損。另外，員工不得在工作上班中賭博。

Violation was subject to disciplinary action of dismissal. And gambling, besides being a criminal offense, was a crime source causing a contentious feud among employees, destroying the unity of the group. It would also bring bad influence on work productivity and may damage employer’s reputation whether the employee regretted or not.

員工違規會被資遣。賭博除構成刑事犯罪，還會導致員工間的糾紛、破壞團結。不論員工是否反悔，這也會影響工作效率，並可能損害雇主的聲譽。

Due to its action of the employees, which damaged the reputation of the defendant, the defendant decided to terminate employment without having to pay compensation based on section 119 (4) of The Labor Protection Act 2541, which was a reasonable dismissal. It was not an unfair dismissal describe in section 49 of Labor Law and Labor Court Procedure B.E. 2522.

員工的行為使被告的名聲受損，故被告依據《泰國勞工保護法》第119(4)條合理解雇規定，在無支付賠償金的情況下終止僱傭關係。此非《勞動訴訟法》第49條說明的不合理的資遣。

Gambling illegal lottery is against the law and is considered a serious violation of work regulations.

賭博非法彩票為違法，且嚴重違反工作規定。

Judgment of the Supreme Court 10507/7第10507/7號最高法院判決

The plaintiff was working for the employer started on August 21, 2006. The plaintiff was as a cleaning officer receiving 7,414 baht per month. Later on 20 July 2009, the defendant dismissed the plaintiff for violating work regulations. The defendant accused the plaintiff for arranging and persuading other employees to gamble illegal lottery, which was not true. In fact, the plaintiff did not commit the offense, and the defendant terminated the employment without having advance notice. Therefore, the plaintiff requested the court to compel the defendant to pay 14,828 baht for 60 days advance notice, 22,242 baht for 90 working days compensation and 300,000 baht for compensation of unfair termination. The compensation fee should include interest at the rate of 7.5 % per year from the date of filing onwards to the plaintiff.

原告於2006年8月21日受聘為被告的清潔工，每月可得到7,414泰銖。大約在2009年7月20日，原告因違反工作規定而被資遣，被告指責原告說服其他員工賭博非法彩票這是不正確的。事實上，原告並未犯罪，被告沒有事先通知即終止僱傭關係。因此原告要求法院強迫被告支付60,828泰銖的60天預告通知費、22,242泰銖的90個工作天賠償金和300,000泰銖的不公平資遣賠償金。自原告提起告訴之日起，補償費應包括7.5％的年利率。

The defendant testified in court. The defendant dismissed the plaintiff for violating work regulations rules regarding the gamble. The plaintiff gambled with illegal lottery in the defendant company during work time which was considered a criminal offense and caused trouble to colleagues. The action of the plaintiff was dishonest and intentionally causing damages to defendant and was considered a serious case. Therefore, the defendant claimed the termination of the plaintiff’s employment is legal.

被告在法庭上作證。被告因違反有關賭博的工作規定而將原告資遣。原告在工作期間在被告公司賭博非法彩票，為刑事犯罪，並給同事造成麻煩；原告的行為不誠實且有意對被告造成損害，是一個嚴重的案件。因此，被告聲稱終止原告的勞雇關係為合法。

The Central Labor Court has considered and sentenced the defendant to pay fees of advance notice in the amount of 10,397.60 baht and compensation in the amount of 22,242 baht, including interest at the rate of 7.5% from the beginning of the law suit (filed on August 10, 2009.) The other requests from plaintiff were rejected.

中央勞工法院宣布被告應支付預告費10,397.60泰銖的預先通知費和22,242泰銖的補償費，包括自訴訟開始之日起7.5％的年利息（2009年08月10日）。原告的其他請求皆被駁回。

Defendant appealed to the Supreme Court. 被告向最高法院上訴

The Supreme Court reviewed evidence and decision made by Labor Court. The plaintiff was a cleaning officer of the defendant and had been working since August 21, 2006, and receiving 7,414 baht per month. Started in May 2009, the plaintiff had been gambling which was considered illegal lottery. The plaintiff plead guilty during the investigation, but saying he quit gambling on June 1, 2009. However, the defendant gave him a notice on July 20, 2009 and was dismissed on 21 July, 2009 for violating work rules and might cause lost for defendant’s reputation and business. The defendant claimed that even though the plaintiff wanted to turn good, it wasn’t an offense to terminate the employment and shall not need an advance notice.

最高法院審查勞工法院收到的證據和裁定。原告原是被告的清潔工，2006年8月21日到職，每月收入7,414泰銖。從2009年5月原告開始賭博非法彩票。原告在調查中認罪，但表示他於2009年6月1日已戒掉賭博。然而，被告於2009年7月20日被通知因違反工作規則將於2009年7月21日被解僱，賭博行為造成被告聲譽和業務的損失。被告宣稱，即使原告洗心革面，資遣合法也不需要事先通知。

The difficult part was whether the defendant shall pay advance notice fee and compensation based on Central Labor Court’s judgment. The defendant claimed that gambling was considered a serious offense that he could dismiss the plaintiff without advanced notice. However, the plaintiff said that he had stopped gambling illegal lottery before being dismissed. Considering the fact that gambling was a serious offense, even the plaintiff stopped it, it still considered a serious action. Therefore, the Supreme Court thought the termination was lawful and the defendant didn’t have to pay for advanced notice and compensation. As for the other appeal of the defendant, it is not necessary to make a decision because it will not change the outcome of the case.

本案難點在於被告是否該根據中央勞工法院的判決支付預告費和賠償費。被告聲稱賭博被視為一個嚴重的罪行，故可在未事先通知的情況下資遣原告；但是，原告聲稱在被資遣之前已停止所有的工作賭博行為。考慮到賭博是嚴重罪行，即使原告不再犯錯，仍是嚴重的行為。因此，最高法院認為資遣是合法的，被告無需支付預先警告和賠償費。至於被告的其他請求則不必作出決定，因為這不會改變案件的結果。

The Supreme Court sentenced that the defendant didn’t have to pay the plaintiff the compensation fee for advance notice and interests. Other judgments were amended to be in accordance with the judgment of the Central Labor Court.

最高法院判決，被告不必支付原告預先警告費和利息。其他判決也作出了修改以符合中央勞工法院的裁定。

IBC International Business Consultancy is a law firm located in Bangkok, Thailand with experienced lawyers, accountants, and financial advisers. We provide services including investment, tax and legal advice in Thailand.

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